Scots Pine planks were used for these woodcuts after enhancing the grain by rubbing with steel wool. The grain was then used in different ways, such as for representing the water in Bathers, where the figures were cut where the grain swirled round knots that lay deeper in; for a unifying effect as in Rain, or for wood itself, as in Woodpeckers. The prints were made on paper hand made from mulberry bark in Japan.